Automobilantriebe im Wandel

Der Automobilantrieb ist eng mit dem globalen wirtschaftlichen Erfolg und dessen Wachstum verbunden. Nie zuvor konnten größere Distanzen von so vielen Individuen und Gütern in so kurzer Zeit zurückgelegt werden. Aufgrund der aktuellen wirtschaftlichen und ökologischen Lage sind die Automobilbauer gefordert Antriebe zu entwickeln, die möglichst geringe Emissionen mit einem maximalen Wirkungsgrad und dennoch großen Reichweiten ermöglichen. Dabei verfügt der Automobilmarkt über eine große Vielfalt und aufgrund der zunehmenden Anforderungen und regional abhängigen Randbedingungen (Gesetze, Emissionsanforderungen, etc.), sowie den Interessenkonflikten bei den Herstellern, über eine hohe Komplexität. Auch der zukünftige Endverbraucher hat Anforderungen an sein Fahrzeug. Wie groß ist die Reichweite eines Elektrofahrzeugs? Wie kann diese bei Bedarf gesteigert werden? Sind diese Antriebe wirklich effizient? Um diese Fragen beantworten zu können, muss der aktuelle Stand der Technik näher beleuchtet werden, so dass die teilweise geringen Unterschiede, gerade bei Hybridsystemen, nachvollzogen werden können und um die individuellen Vorteile greifbarer zu machen. Letztendlich wird klar, dass sich der Antrieb verändern wird und trotz, oder gerade wegen der zunehmenden Elektrifizierung und Hybridisierung, wird dennoch der Verbrennungsmotor die dominante Antriebsquelle über einen längeren Zeitraum bleiben

High (but Not Low) Urinary Iodine Excretion Is Predicted by Iodine Excretion Levels from Five Years Ago

Background: It has not been investigated whether there are associations between urinary iodine (UI) excretion measurements some years apart, nor whether such an association remains after adjustment for nutritional habits. The aim of the present study was to investigate the relation between iodine-creatinine ratio (ICR) at two measuring points 5 years apart. Methods: Data from 2,659 individuals from the Study of Health in Pomerania were analyzed. Analysis of covariance and Poisson regressions were used to associate baseline with follow-up ICR. Results: Baseline ICR was associated with follow-up ICR. Particularly, baseline ICR >300 mu g/g was related to an ICR >300 mu g/g at follow-up (relative risk, RR: 2.20; p < 0.001). The association was stronger in males (RR: 2.64; p < 0.001) than in females (RR: 1.64; p = 0.007). In contrast, baseline ICR <100 mu g/g was only associated with an ICR <100 mu g/g at follow-up in males when considering unadjusted ICR. Conclusions: We detected only a weak correlation with respect to low ICR. Studies assessing iodine status in a population should take into account that an individual with a low UI excretion in one measurement is not necessarily permanently iodine deficient. On the other hand, current high ICR could have been predicted by high ICR 5 years ago. Copyright (C) 2011 S. Karger AG, Base

Effect of ABCG2, OCT1, and ABCB1(MDR1) Gene Expression on Treatment-Free Remission in a EURO-SKI Subtrial

Introduction Tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) can safely be discontinued in chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) patients with sustained deep molecular response. ABCG2 (breast cancer resistance protein), OCT1 (organic cation transporter 1), and ABCB1 (multidrug resistance protein 1) gene products are known to play a crucial role in acquired pharmacogenetic TKI resistance. Their influence on treatment-free remission (TFR) has not yet been investigated. Materials and Methods RNA was isolated on the last day of TKI intake from peripheral blood leukocytes of 132 chronic phase CML patients who discontinued TKI treatment within the European Stop Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitor Study trial. Plasmid standards were designed including subgenic inserts of OCT1, ABCG2, and ABCB1 together with GUSB as reference gene. For expression analyses, quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction was used. Multiple Cox regression analysis was performed. In addition, gene expression cutoffs for patient risk stratification were investigated. Results The TFR rate of 132 patients, 12 months after TKI discontinuation, was 54% (95% confidence interval [CI], 46%-62%). ABCG2 expression (‰) was retained as the only significant variable (P = .02; hazard ratio, 1.04; 95% CI, 1.01-1.07) in multiple Cox regression analysis. Only for the ABCG2 efflux transporter, a significant cutoff was found (P = .04). Patients with an ABCG2/GUSB transcript level >4.5‰ (n = 93) showed a 12-month TFR rate of 47% (95% CI, 37%-57%), whereas patients with low ABCG2 expression (≤4.5‰; n = 39) had a 12-month TFR rate of 72% (95% CI, 55%-82%). Conclusion In this study, we investigated the effect of pharmacogenetics in the context of a CML treatment discontinuation trial. The transcript levels of the efflux transporter ABCG2 predicted TFR after TKI discontinuation

Modeling of Environmental Effects in Genome-Wide Association Studies Identifies SLC2A2 and HP as Novel Loci Influencing Serum Cholesterol Levels

Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have identified 38 larger genetic regions affecting classical blood lipid levels without adjusting for important environmental influences. We modeled diet and physical activity in a GWAS in order to identify novel loci affecting total cholesterol, LDL cholesterol, HDL cholesterol, and triglyceride levels. The Swedish (SE) EUROSPAN cohort (NSE = 656) was screened for candidate genes and the non-Swedish (NS) EUROSPAN cohorts (NNS = 3,282) were used for replication. In total, 3 SNPs were associated in the Swedish sample and were replicated in the non-Swedish cohorts. While SNP rs1532624 was a replication of the previously published association between CETP and HDL cholesterol, the other two were novel findings. For the latter SNPs, the p-value for association was substantially improved by inclusion of environmental covariates: SNP rs5400 (pSE,unadjusted = 3.6×10−5, pSE,adjusted = 2.2×10−6, pNS,unadjusted = 0.047) in the SLC2A2 (Glucose transporter type 2) and rs2000999 (pSE,unadjusted = 1.1×10−3, pSE,adjusted = 3.8×10−4, pNS,unadjusted = 0.035) in the HP gene (Haptoglobin-related protein precursor). Both showed evidence of association with total cholesterol. These results demonstrate that inclusion of important environmental factors in the analysis model can reveal new genetic susceptibility loci

Minimum wages in 2023 : annual review

Aquesta publicació s'elabora a partir de les contribucions de cadascú dels membres nacionals que integren la Network of Eurofound Correspondents. Pel cas d'Espanya la contribució ha estat realitzada per l'Oscar Molina (veure annex Network of Eurofound Correspondents)The 2023 annual review of minimum wages was prepared in the context of unprecedented inflation across Europe. While this led to hefty increases in nominal wage rates in many countries, it was in many cases not enough to maintain workers' purchasing power. Based on developments over the last decade, this report shows that, overall, minimum wage earners in nearly all countries saw their purchasing power rising, the gap between their wages and average wages narrowing, and to some degree growth exceeding labour productivity development

Erfahrungsbericht Freistellungssemester Prof. Dr. Carsten Manz, WS 2020/2021

Erfahrungsbericht im Rahmen des Freistellungssemesters gemäß LHG §47 Abs. 2, Prof. Dr. Carsten Manz, Wintersemester 2020/2

inno4regio

Unternehmen stehen häufig unter einem Innovationsdruck, um ihre langfristige Wettbewerbsfähigkeit zu sichern. Vor allem kleine und mittelständische Unternehmen sind hier besonders gefordert, da ihnen vielfach die erforderlichen Ressourcen oder Kompetenzträger fehlen und das tägliche operative Geschäft häufig eine intensive Auseinandersetzung mit dem Thema nicht zulässt. Diese Unternehmen sind auf externe Ressourcen angewiesen. Hinzu kommt die Unsicherheit vieler Unternehmer hinsichtlich Kooperationsmöglichkeiten mit öffentlichen Forschungseinrichtungen sowie organisatorische Bedenken mit dem damit verbundenen Koordinationsaufwand. Das Innovationsportal inno4regio kann genau hier Abhilfe schaffen. Mittels standardisierter Prozesse soll den Unternehmern eine Möglichkeit geboten werden, externe Innovationsvorhaben durch eine Problemanalyse anzustoßen und die notwendigen Partner aus der Hochschulwelt einzubinden. Der Zugriff über einen Knotenpunkt auf das fachliche sowie kreative Personal von rund dreißig Hochschulen im Verbund der Internationalen Bodensee-Hochschule ist dabei ein Alleinstellungsmerkmal, welches in dieser Form bisher noch nicht am Markt existiert

Impact of silver nanoparticles (AgNP) on soil microbial community depending on functionalization, concentration, exposure time, and soil texture

Abstract Background Increasing exposure to engineered inorganic nanoparticles takes actually place in both terrestric and aquatic ecosystems worldwide. Although we already know harmful effects of AgNP on the soil bacterial community, information about the impact of the factors functionalization, concentration, exposure time, and soil texture on the AgNP effect expression are still rare. Hence, in this study, three soils of different grain size were exposed for up to 90 days to bare and functionalized AgNP in concentrations ranging from 0.01 to 1.00 mg/kg soil dry weight. Effects on soil microbial community were quantified by various biological parameters, including 16S rRNA gene, photometric, and fluorescence analyses. Results Multivariate data analysis revealed significant effects of AgNP exposure for all factors and factor combinations investigated. Analysis of individual factors (silver species, concentration, exposure time, soil texture) in the unifactorial ANOVA explained the largest part of the variance compared to the error variance. In depth analysis of factor combinations revealed even better explanation of variance. For the biological parameters assessed in this study, the matching of soil texture and silver species, and the matching of soil texture and exposure time were the two most relevant factor combinations. The factor AgNP concentration contributed to a lower extent to the effect expression compared to silver species, exposure time and physico–chemical composition of soil. Conclusions The factors functionalization, concentration, exposure time, and soil texture significantly impacted the effect expression of AgNP on the soil microbial community. Especially long-term exposure scenarios are strongly needed for the reliable environmental impact assessment of AgNP exposure in various soil types

За кадры. 1975. № 38 (1873)

Победы праздникПамять. Цветы. Клятва / Р. ГорскаяНародного доверия достоинКандидат томских физиковСобрание агитаторов / Г. ЕрмоленкоАудитория Дмитрия Староверова / И. ТрофимовСпасибо за память / Е. СтаровероваНакануне сессии. Под контролем отстающие группы / С. КошиковаИдет аттестация / Э. Н. Камышев, Р. Б. КвескоНа межзональной олимпиаде / Э. ПодскребкоПриобщение к науке / Г. ИвановаГоворят гости конференции - студенты Тюменского индустриального института / [беседа с] А. Курсов ; [беседа с] М. АндртенкоЮбилейная, военнизированная / А. АлчубаевВсе на кросс! / Б. ПлотниковНа приз героев / Д. В. МоравецкийВстреча с ветеранами / Г. ЕрмоленкоПриходите в дом дружбы / Л. ДороховаПутешествие в страну Диккенса / Л. Ильин